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The ''B 97'' class was a class of eight destroyers built for and operated by the Imperial German Navy (''Kaiserliche Marine'') during the First World War. They served throughout the war, with one being lost in 1915, five being scuttled at Scapa Flow in 1919 and one being transferred to Italy, where it remained in use until 1939. ==Design== As part of its 1912 construction programme, the Imperial Russian Navy placed orders for 22 large modern destroyers (the ) for its Baltic Fleet. In order to speed delivery of these ships, orders for the ship's machinery were placed overseas, including in Germany. The outbreak of the First World War, with Germany declaring war on Russia on 1 August, led to delivery of these machinery sets to be stopped. The AG Vulcan shipyard in Stettin, (now Szczecin in Poland) proposed to use this machinery to power a class of large destroyers for the Imperial German Navy, which could be built within six months. The German navy was at first unenthusiastic about Vulcan's proposal, as its torpedo flotillas consisted of smaller torpedo boats, but Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz overcame these objections, and orders for four ships were placed with Vulcan and Blohm & Voss. Two more ships were ordered from Blohm & Voss in October that year, with a final two ships being ordered in January 1915.〔 As the new ships were much larger than the existing torpedo craft of the Germn Navy, they were known as destroyers (''Zerstörer'') rather than torpedo boats (''Torpedoboote'').〔 The two shipyards built their destroyers to slightly different designs. The Blohm & Voss built ships were long overall and at the waterline, with a beam of . The first two Blohm & Voss ships, ''B 97'' and ''B 98'' had a draught of while the later Blohm & Voss ships (''B 109'', ''B 110'', ''B 111'' and ''B 112'') had a draught of . Displacement of the Blohm & Voss destroyers was normal and deep load. The two AG Vulcan-built ships (''V 99'' and ''V 100'') had an overall length of , a waterline length of , a beam of and a draught of . They displaced normal and deep load. Four oil-fired boilers fed steam at to 2 sets of steam turbine rated at and driving two propeller shafts. This gave a design speed of for the first four ships and for the last four ships.〔 Speeds during sea trials reached as high as . Three funnels were fitted (they were the first three-funneled torpedo craft built for the German Navy).〔 The ships had a range of between at for the Vulcan-built ships and at 20 knots for the last four Blohm & Voss-built destroyers.〔 The ships' complement was 114 officers and men when the ships entered service,〔 although this grew to 140 by the end of the war.〔 As built, the ships' gun armament consisted of four 8.8 cm SK L/45 naval guns in four single mounts.〔 These guns could fire a high explosive shell a distance of at a rate of 15 rounds per minute. 120 rounds per gun were carried. In common with most modern German destroyers, the ''B 97'' class were re-armed in early 1916 by replacing the 8.8 cm guns with four 10.5 cm SK L/45 naval guns, which could fire a shell to a distance of . 80 rounds per gun were carried.〔 Six 50 cm (17.7 in) torpedo tubes were carried, with two fixed tubes just behind the ships' forecastle, and two twin tubes further aft on rotating mounts.〔 (These mounts were splayed out at an angle of 15 degrees, unlike the twin mounts used by British destroyers.) 24 mines could be carried.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「B 97-class destroyer」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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